Improvement in steam-valves and governors



.2 Sheets--Sheet l.

ROBERT SANDERSON. Improvement in Steam-Valves and Governors.

Patented May 16, 1871.

No. H4,865.

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'zsh' --h ROBERT SANDERSON. S

Improvement in Steam-Valves and Governors. N0. 114,865. Patented Mag16,1871.

AM PHUTO-l/INDGRAPHIO :0. N. x IUSBORNE'S PRDCESS) drink nonnnr snivnnnsolv, or CLEVELAND,

Letters Patent No. 114,865, dated May 16, 187i.

iMPROVEMENT IN STEAiv'l-VALVES AND GOVERNORS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame.

"clare that the following is a full and complete description of thesame, reference being bad to the annexed specification and the drawingmaking a part of the same.

Figures 1 and Z are side elevations of the cut-01f valve and governorwhile said governor is down.

Figure 3 is a detached section. Figure 4 is also a detached section.

Figure 5 is also a side elevation, showing the governor expanded.

Figure'fi is a detached section.

Figure 7 is a transverse vertical section of the valve and valve-seat.

Figure 8. i'sa detached section.

Like letters of reference denote like parts in the different views.

The first part of my invention relates to the manner of operating asteam-engine cut-ofi valve, and which is done by means of slides havingangular lugs on the faces thereof, and which are made to operate oneupon the other by a bell-crank, whereby one'of said slides is attachedto and actuated by the governor for operating the valve referred to.

The second part of myinvent-ion relates to a wormwheel and ratchet,whereby the valve can be operated by hand for starting or stopping theengine.

The third part of my'invention relates to the peculiar manner ofconnecting the ball-springs of the governor to the fixed and activeheads of said governor, so that the connections shall have afree-and-easy movement on friction-rollers placed on the pivoted :pinsof the joints, whereby the ends of the springs are attached to theheads, all of which is hereinafter more fully described and set forth.

In fig. 7, plate 2- A represents the valve-seat or chamber, and

B the valve, of which 0 is the stem whereby the valve is lifted.

To the upper side of said valve-chamber is secured a case, D, figs. land 2, plate 1, vertically through which and the top thereof passes thevalve-stem G, as

shown in 6. Said top serves as a support and guide for the movement ofthe stem.

E E, fig. 3, are a pair of slides projected through said case close toone side, slots, G, fig. 2, being made in the sides of the case fortheir passage. A more complete view of said slides and their relativeposition to each other is shownin fig. 3, in which it will be seen thateach slide is alike provided with two angular or V-shaped lugs, a a, oneat each end, as shown,

and which act reciprocally upon each other, as and for a purposehereinafter described.

Resting upon the upper side of the slide E is a straight smooth bar orslide, F, in the middle of which is a deep rectangular notch, 7), formedpartially in the slide and above the slide by the studs 0.

Inserted loosely in said slot is a pin, (1, projecting from the end ofthe lever G, fig. 1, through the slot f in the side of the case.

Said lever G is pivoted at the point e to the case, the use of whichwill presently be shown.

H, figs. 1 and 3, is a bell-crank'or lever a stay, I, attached to theside of the case.

One arm of said crank is pivoted to the end of the stem J of thegovernor, whereas the other arm is connected to the slide E, referredto, by the intervention of a link, K, fig. 3, and whereby said slide ismade to operate reciprocally upon theface of the companionslide E by themovement of the governor, as will hereinafter b'e described.

To the inner side of the slide F above described is pivoted afriction-roller, L, fig. 6, whereby the valve *"B is lifted by means ofits stem 0.

To saidstem is secured a collar, M, fig. 6, from the side of whichprojects a lip, N, fig. 3, under which the roller plies as theslide-maybe operated by the vibra- I tion of the lever G, thereby lifting thevalve for a purpose presently shown.

The practical operation of the above slides, bellcrank, 850., foractuating the valve is'as follows:

To the lower end of the lever G is connected the eccentric-rod of theengine, whereby'the lever is made to vibrate alternately from theposit-ion shown in fig. 1 to that shown in fig. 5. This vibration of thelever actuates the slide E, which, as it passes from the position shownin fig. 3 to that shown in fig. 6, brings the friction-roller L pivotedto it under the projecting lipN, which will lift the stem 0 and open thevalve thereto attached, but which is immediately closed or v shut downby a spring, 0, fig. 7, when the roller passes from under the lip, butis again raised on the reaction of the slide by the eccentric and againshut down by the spring immediately the roller passes from under'thelip. By this means the valve is alternately opened by the eccentric andclosed by the spring, thereby admitting and cutting off the steam fromthe cylinder, more or less, according to the length of the stroke orlift the valve may have.

The length of the stroke or lift of the valve is regulated by the twoslid-es E E when actuated by the movement of the governorthns: theposition of the governor, as shown in fig. 1, is such as to give theshortest length to the stroke or lift of the valve, for

pivoted to the reason that the stem J of the governor is down to itsgreatest length, thereby pushing the slide E, by means of the bell-crankor lever, back through the case D, and thus bring the contact of thelugs 60 of the slides back from the apex of their angle or their extremepoints of contact, as shown in fig. 1, so that the inclines of the lugslie upon each other, thereby bringing the slides closer together, theresult of which will be to allow the slide F to descend and therebybring the roller nearer the center of the vibration of the lever G,which, as a consequence, will act less extendedly upon the valve, sothat the induction parts will not be closed as much, and therefore allowmore steam into the cylinder, as it may run low in the boiler.

As an increase of steam produces an increased activity of the engine thegovernor consequently expands, and in so doing draws upward the outerarm of the bell-crank or lever H, which will draw forward the slide E,thereby bringing the inclines of the lugs a more directly upon .eachother, or their points of elevation nearer together, as indicated by thedotted lines f, fig. 3, the result of which will be to push upward theslide F and bring the roller L nearer to the v end of the lever G,thereby giving more lift to the valve, which will cause it to cover.more fully the steam-ports, and thus shut off the excess of steam fromthe cylinder, and, per contra, as the steam runs low the governorcontracts and thereby pushes back the slide E, allowing the inclines ofthe slides to slide down upon each other tothe position they hold, asshown in fig. 1. Thismovement of the slides lowers the slide F, bringingthe wheel L nearer the fulcrum of the lever G, thereby shortening thethrow of the slide, so that the valve-stem 0 will not belifted so high,and therefore the steam-ports are less covered by the valveyhence moresteam is admitted to the cylinder than when the stem and valve areraised by; the elevation of the slides, as above described. a a

The second part of my invention relates to the manner of operating thevalve by hand, when re'quired,to start or stop the engine, and which isas follows:

A, fig. 2, is a sleeve fitted loosely to the stemJ and to the inside ofthe neck B of the governor-frame O.

- In the side of said sleeve are cut ratchet-teeth D, fig. 5, in whichis made to engage the worm of thenut F, as shown in figs. 1 and 2. Now,on turning the nut in the proper direction, the sleeve A will be screwedupward,'thereby elevating the lower end of the governor, which willcarry upward the stem J, and thus cause the bell-crank H to draw on theslide E and elevate the slide F and extend the stroke or lift of thevalve to the extent that it shall cover the steamports, if need be, andthus shut oh the steam and stop the engine, but which may again hestarted by reversing the movement of the nut.

The third part of my invention relates to the. manner of attaching thesprings of the governor to the heads or collars thereof, and which is asfollows:

urea;

springs to swell out by the rapid revolution of the governor much morereadily and easily than when connected to the collars by a hinged jointin the ordinary way; hence, the governor becomes more sensitive to avariable pressure of steam, and will, therefore, actu-' when the springsare attached to the collars of the governor'in the usual way.

The throw or lift of the valve, irrespective of its actuation by thegovernor, is determined by the position that the collarM', fig. 6, mayhave on the valverod G. Thus, the lower the collar may be onthe rod, thenearer the lip N, fig. 3, thereon, will be to the rod further from thewheel.

to any point on the rod that may be desired for the lift of the valve.

C lat'ms.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-- 1. The slides E, E, and F, as constructed and arcombination withthe valve-rod G, substantially in manner as and for the purpose setforth.

2, The combination of the bell-crank H, slide E, and governor-stem orrod J, in the manner as and for the purpose specified.

the

combination with the valve-stem G and friction-whee, or roller L,substantially in the manner as described and for the purpose set forth.

4. The thimble or sleeve A and nut F, as arranged in combination withthe governor-stem J and goverset forth. 7

5. The springs H, when constructed with an eye or book, G, at each end,and a friction-roller, K, incomthe' purpose specified.

ROB. SANDERSON.

Witnesses:

J. H. Bonnrnen, 1).. L. HUMPHRE ment of the springs to the collars,which allows theate the valve more immediately and efi'ectually thanfriction-wheel L; therefore, the valve will be actdat-ed more extendedlythan when the collar is fixed to the Said collar is secured to the rodby a set-screw; hence it can be easily securedranged to operate inrelation to each other and in' 3. The adjustable collar M, provided withalip, N, in

nor, in the manner as described, and for the purposebination with thecollars L, in the manner as and for

